Table II.

A survey of chemical induction in plant roots when attacked by herbivores (LHe and RHe represent leaf and root herbivores, respectively), treated with plant hormones (LHo or RHo), or mechanically damaged (LMe or RMe)

Family	Plant Species	Induction Agent	Hormonea	Herbivoreb	Feeding Mode	Chemical Involved	Effectc	Citation
Amaranthaceae	Spinach	RMe, RHo, RHe	MJ, MSA	Otiorhynchus sulcatus	Chewing	Phytoecdysteroids	+	Schmelz et al. (1998, 1999)
	Spinach	RHe, RHo	MJ	B. impatiens r	Chewing	Phytoecdysteroids	+	Schmelz et al. (2002)
Apiaceae	Wild parsnip	RMe	–	–	–	Furanocumarin	+	Zangerl and Rutledge (1996)
Asteraceae	S. jacobaea	LHe, RMe	–	–	–	Pyrolizidine alkaloids	±	Hol et al. (2004)
Brassicaceae	Arabidopsis	LMe, RMe, RHe	JA	B. impatiens	Chewing	Gene expression		McConn et al. (1997)
	B. oleracea	LHo, RHo	JA, SA	–	–	Glucosinolate	±	van Dam et al. (2004)
	B. oleracea	RHe	–	D. radicum r	Chewing	Glucosinolate	±	van Dam and Raaijmakers (2006)
	B. nigra	LHo, RHo	JA, SA	–	–	Glucosinolate	±	van Dam et al. (2004)
	B. nigra	RHe	–	D. radicum r	Chewing	Glucosinolate	±	van Dam and Raaijmakers (2006)
Euphorbiaceae	Cassava	RHe	–	Cyrtomenus bergi r	Piercing	Hydrogen cyanide	+	Riis et al. (2003)
Malvaceae	G. herbaceum	LHe, RHe, RMe	–	Agriotes lineatus	Chewing	Terpenoid aldeheide	+	Bezemer et al. (2004)
	G. herbaceum	LHe, RHe	–	A. lineatus r	Chewing	Terpenoids	+	Bezemer et al. (2003)
Poaceae	Maize	RHe	–	Diabrotica virgifera r	Chewing	Terpenoid	+	Rasmann et al. (2005)
Solanaceae	Tomato	LHo	JA	Meloidogyne sp. r	Piercing	–	N/Ad	Cooper et al. (2005)
	Potato	RHo, RMe	MJA	–	–	Lipoxygenase	+	Geerts et al. (1994)
	S. carolinense	LHo	JA	–	–	Glycoalkaloids	+	Walls et al. (2005)
	N. sylvestris	LMe	–	–	–	Nicotine	+	Baldwin et al. (1994)
	N. attenuata	Ho	JA	–	–	Nicotine	+	Baldwin (1998)
Vitaceae	Vitis vinifera	LHo	JA	Daktulosphaira vitifolia r	Piercing	–	N/A	Omer and Granett (2000)

^aMJ, Methyl jasmonate; JA, jasmonic acid; MSA, methyl salicylate; or SA, salicylic acid.

^bThe letter “r” after the herbivore species indicates that resistance (e.g. insect growth rate) was measured.

^cThe effect (“+” or “−”) indicates the overall increase or decrease in compound concentration after induction treatment.

^dN/A, Not applicable.