Structure and expression of the Vp8 gene. A, Three independent Mu-tagged alleles of vp8 mutant from the UniformMu population are shown. B, RT-PCR analysis of Vp8 expression in developing embryos of vp8 mutants. These results verified the genotype of embryos that were used for our RT-PCR analyses (Figs. 3–6) including embryo of vp8-R (SC) at 18 DAP. The 28 PCR cycles were run in the RT-PCR reactions for the Vp8 gene. C, RT-PCT analysis of Vp8 gene expression in embryo and endosperm of developing maize seeds. The 28 PCR cycles were run in the RT-PCR reactions for the Vp8 gene. D, RT-PCR analysis of expression of Vp8 gene in various plant tissues. The Vp15 gene (Suzuki et al., 2006) was used for control. The 40 cycles of PCR were run in the RT-PCR reactions, as indicated in the parentheses for both genes, to detect amplified products. L, Leaf from 10-d-old seedling; R, primary root from germinating seeds; Si, unpollinated silk; K, whole kernel (6 DAP). E, Unrooted ClustalW tree of AMP1/VP8-related proteins from maize (VP8), Arabidopsis (AtAMP1, AtAMP1L), rice (OsAMP1, OsAMPL1-3), and human glutamate carboxypeptidases (HsGCPII, HsNAALAPaseII).