Table 1. Demographic information by case–control status.
| Characteristics | Controls (n=101) | Cases (n=100) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender a | |||
| Female | 13 (13%) | 12 (12%) | 0.9 |
| Male | 88 (87%) | 88 (88%) | |
| Age (years) b | 63±8 | 64±8 | 0.4 |
| Race | |||
| Caucasian | 101 (100%) | 100 (100%) | NA |
| Smoking status a | |||
| Non-smokers | 27 (27%) | 16 (16%) | 0.07 |
| Ex-smoker | 54 (53%) | 67 (67%) | |
| Current smoker | 20 (20%) | 17 (17%) | |
| Packyearsc | 37±31 | 42±36 | 0.5 |
| BMI (kg m −2 ) | |||
| BMI at diagnosisb | 28±5 | 26±5 | 0.004 |
| BMI in healthy adultd | 22±4 | 23±4 | 0.4 |
| HP infection status a | |||
| HP ever infected | 43 (43%) | 36 (36%) | 0.4 |
| HP never infected | 58 (57%) | 64 (64%) | |
| CagA strains | |||
| Positive | 30 (30%) | 29 (29%) | 0.8 |
| Negative | 71 (70%) | 71 (71%) | |
| VacA strains | |||
| Positive | 20 (20%) | 15 (15%) | 0.4 |
| Negative | 81 (80%) | 85 (85%) | |
BMI=body mass index; HP=Helicobacter pylori; NA=not applicable.
a
Cases and controls were compared using Fisher's exact tests.
b
Data are reported as mean (s.d.), and compared using Student's t-tests.
c
In ever smokers only.
d
BMI in the third decade of life (twenties).