. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Neurophysiol. 2007 Apr 4;97(6):3828–3840. doi: 10.1152/jn.01184.2006

Table 1.

Relevant neuronal populations by state of maximal activity

Active state	Neuronal population	Neurotransmitters
Wake	Tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN)	Histamine
	Locus coeruleus (LC)	Norepinephrine
	Dorsal raphe (DR)	Serotonin
Sleep	Ventrolateral preoptic cluster (VLPO)	GABA/Galanin
Sleep	Extended ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (eVLPO)	GABA/Galanin
REM only	Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT)	Acetylcholine
REM only	Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT)	Acetylcholine
Wake only	Lateral hypothalamic neurons (LHA)	Orexin