Table 1.
Study | Sample | Sample size | Prevalence | Instruments | ICD-10 diagnoses |
McIntyre and Keesler 1986 [32] | foster care | N = 158 | 48.7% | CBCL (1) | No |
McCann et al. 1996 [23] | foster & residential care | N = 103 n = 38 in residential care | 96% in residential care 57%in foster care | CBCL Kiddie-sads (4) | Yes |
Minnis et al. 2001 [33] | foster care | N = 182 | 60% | SDQ (2) | No |
Hukkanen R. et al. 1999 [25] | residential care | N = 91 | 59% | CBCL & TRF | No |
Dimigen et al. 1999 [24] | residential and foster | N = 70 | 30–50% in the different subscales | Devereux Scales of mental disorders (3) | No |
Graf et al. 2002 [12] | residential care | N = 103 | 80% | Clinical Diagnoses | Yes |
Meltzer et al. 2003 [2] Ford et al. 2007 [3] | foster & residential care | Total 1039 (N = 168 residential care) | Total 45–49% 68% (residential care) | SDQ clinical interview | Yes |
Burns et al. 2004 [1] | foster & residential care | N = 3803 | 88,6% in residential care 63,1% in foster care | CBCL | No |
Blower et al. 2004 [26] | foster & residential care | N = 48 | 44% in residential care | CBCL & Kiddie sads | Yes |
Mount et al. 2004 [34] | foster & residential care | N = 50 | 70% | SDQ | No |
(1) Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) [15],
(2) Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) [31],
(3) Devereux Scales of mental disorders [35], Kiddie-Sads [30]