Table 1.
Estimates and plausible ranges of pesticide suicides in each of WHO's six regions
Region | Stratum | Population (millions) (source: [1]) | Total suicides (source: [1]) | Pesticide suicides (% of all suicides) | Plausible range of pesticide suicides | Sources |
Africa | D | 311 | 15,000 | 4,950 (33%) | 3,300 to 6, 900† | [22] |
E | 361 | 19,000 | 2,850 (15%) | 1,900 to 15,010 | [23] [24] [25] | |
Sub-total (Africa) | 34,000 | 7,800 (22.9%) | 5,200 to 21,910 | |||
The Americas | A | 336 | 35,000 | 25 (0.07%) | 14 to 35† | [26] |
B | 445 | 26,000 | 2,860 (11%) | 1,820 to 8,060 | [27] [33] [36] | |
D | 74 | 2,000 | 220 (11%) | 140 to 620 | [27] [33] [36] | |
Sub-total (the Americas) | 63,000 | 3,105 (4.9%) | 1,974 to 8,715 | |||
Eastern Mediterranean | B | 143 | 9,000 | 629 (7%) | 501 to 772† | [38] |
D | 360 | 25,000 | 5,000 (20%) | 4,000 to 6,250† | [41] | |
Sub-total (E. Med.) | 34,000 | 5,629 (16.5%) | 4,501 to 7,022 | |||
Europe | A | 415 | 48,000 | 2,400 (5%) | 14 to 4,800 | [46] [47] [48] [50] |
B | 223 | 23,000 | 920 (4%) | 18 to 1,610 | [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] | |
C | 240 | 92,000 | 2,760 (3%) | 1,840 to 2,760† | [57] | |
Sub-total (Europe) | 163,000 | 6,080 (3.7%) | 1,872 to 9,170 | |||
South East Asia | B | 298 | 37,000 | 9,250 (25%) | 5,920 to 19,980 | [62] [63] |
D | 1,293 | 209,000 | 41,800 (20%) | 41,800 to 62,700 | Table 2 and [58] | |
Sub-total (SE Asia) | 246,000 | 51,050 (20.7%) | 47,720 to 82,680 | |||
Western Pacific | A | 155 | 35,000 | 1,050 (3%) | 1,050 to 1,050 | [68] |
B | 1,562 | 296,000 | 183,520 (62%) | 171,680 to 195,360 | [70] | |
Sub-total (W Pacific) | 331,000 | 184,570 (55.8%) | 172,730 to 196,410 | |||
Overall Total | 6,225 | 873,000 | 258,234 (30%) | 233,997 (27%) to 325,907 (37%) | ||
Total including more realistic estimate for total and pesticide suicides in SE Asia – D (n = 504,800)* | 1,181,200 | 371,594 (31%) | 347,357 (29%) to 439,267 (37%) |
*Assuming 30% of these are due to pesticides.
†Plausible range based on 95% confidence intervals around the proportion of suicides due to pesticides in the country whose data were used for estimate in this stratum