Table 3. Cerebrospinal fluid and microbiology results in HIV TBM patients.
| Variable | Normal range | All patients (n = 58) | Deaths (n = 39) | Survivors (n = 11) |
| CSF WCC×109 cells/l | ≤5 | 438 (0–3960) | 431 (0–3960) | 340 (66–715) |
| CSF neutrophils % | 0 | 63 (4–96) | 70.5 (6–96) | 30 (4–81) |
| CSF lymphocytes % | ≤5 | 37 (4–96) | 29.5 (4–94) | 70 (18–96) |
| CSF protein g/l | ≤0.4 | 1.3 (0.43–3.4) | 1.23 (0.67–3.4) | 1.41 (0.79–1.67) |
| CSF: blood glucose ratio | ≥0.6 | 0.3 (0.1–0.8) 1 | 0.3 (0.1–0.6) | 0.4 (0.3–0.8) |
| CSF lactate mmol/l | ≤1.8 | 4.8 (1.7–10.2) 2 | 4.8 (1.7–10.2) | 5.1 (2.7–6.7) |
| Positive Ziehl Neelsen stain | 40 (69%) | 32 (82.1%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
| Positive mycobacterial culture | 51 (87.9%) | 35 (89.7%) | 9 (81.8%) | |
| Isolate fully drug susceptible | 21/46 (45.7%) | 13/32 (40.6%) | 3/8 (37.5%) | |
| Isolate monoresistant | 6/46 (13%) | 4/32 (12.5%) | 2/8 (25%) | |
| Isolate polyresistant | 15/46 (32.6%) | 11/32 (34.4%) | 3/8 (37.5%) | |
| Isolate multidrug resistant | 4/46 (8.7%) | 4/32 (12.5%) | 0/8 (0%) | |
| Isolate resistant to streptomycin | 24/46 (52.2%) | 18/32 (56.3%) | 5/8 (62.5%) | |
| Isolate resistant to isoniazid | 19/46 (41.3%) | 15/32 (46.9%) | 3/8 (37.5%) | |
| Isolate resistant to rifampicin | 4/46 (8.7%) | 4/32 (12.5%) | 0/8 (0%) |
Notes: Data are expressed as median (range) or number (%). Comparison of variables between deaths and survivors excludes patients who withdrew or were lost to follow-up. CSF = cerebrospinal fluid. WCC = white cell count.
1
data from 57 patients.
2
data from 53 patients.