Table 2.
Tobacco Use Characteristics of 256 Males in a Smokeless Tobacco Cessation Study
| Variable | Number (%) in Sample | Mean ± SD Cotinine (ng/mL) | Median Cotinine (ng/mL) | Cotinine Range (ng/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at initiation | ||||
| ≤ 10 years | 62 (24.2%) | 610 ± 387 | 491 | 33–2077 |
| 11–17 years | 142 (55.5%) | 516 ± 336 | 445 | 17–2097 |
| 18 or older | 52 (20.3%) | 546 ± 409 | 454 | 29–2469 |
| Years of ST use*** | ||||
| < 10 | 74 (29.0%) | 409 ± 323 | 331 | 29–2097 |
| 10–19 | 102 (40.0%) | 524 ± 232 | 466 | 17–1484 |
| ≥ 20 | 79 (31.0%) | 697 ± 438 | 587 | 39–2469 |
| Other tobacco use | ||||
| ST only | 216 (84.4%) | 560 ± 370 | 463 | 33–2097 |
| ST + cigarettes | 40 (15.6%) | 460 ± 332 | 438 | 17–2469 |
| Type of ST | ||||
| Snuff only | 225 (87.9%) | 542 ± 353 | 463 | 21–2469 |
| Chew only | 23 (9.0%) | 578 ± 478 | 449 | 17–2077 |
| Snuff + chew | 8 (3.1%) | 520 ± 362 | 397 | 211–1352 |
| Quit attempts in past year*** | ||||
| 0 | 105 (42.9%) | 672 ± 368 | 622 | 29–2077 |
| ≥ 1 | 140 (57.1%) | 457 ± 345 | 395 | 17–2469 |
| Time between dips** | ||||
| ≤ 30 minutes | 116 (45.3%) | 620 ± 400 | 501 | 21–2077 |
| > 30 minutes | 140 (54.7%) | 483 ± 321 | 417 | 17–2469 |
| Leave dip in over night | ||||
| Yes | 20 (8.4) | 663 ± 530 | 627 | 38–2469 |
| No | 217 (91.6) | 530 ± 328 | 459 | 21–2097 |
| Snuff Only Users (n=190)** | ||||
| Type of snuff | ||||
| Copenhagen | 76 (40.0%) | 644 ± 381 | 618 | 78–2469 |
| Skoal | 54 (28.4%) | 464 ± 339 | 343 | 21–1205 |
| Timberwolf | 30 (15.8%) | 435 ± 241 | 422 | 76–937 |
| Red Seal | 15 (7.9%) | 675 ± 273 | 676 | 262–1082 |
| Other | 15 (7.9%) | 570 ± 377 | 443 | 154–1484 |
**
p < 0.01 obtained from the nonparametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test
***
p < 0.0001 obtained from the nonparametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test