Table 2.
Chemokines and chemokine receptors in metastasis of solid tumors.
| Primary tumor | Preferred metastasis site | Receptor | Ligand | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melanoma | Melanocyte extravasation | CXCR1, CXCR2 | CXCL8 | [186,187] |
| Lymph nodes, lung | CXCR3 | IP-10, MIG, I-TAC | [188] | |
| Lymph nodes, liver | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [2,189] | |
| Skin | CCR10 | CTACK | [1,190] | |
| Lymph nodes | CCR7 | SLC | [190] | |
| Colon | Lymph nodes | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [91] |
| Lymph nodes, liver | CXCR5 | BCA-1 | [191] | |
| Lymph nodes | CCR7 | SLC | [81,86] | |
| Liver | CCR6 | MIP-3α | [81,192] | |
| CXCR1, CXCR2 | CXCL8 | [193] | ||
| Breast | Bone | CXCR1 | CXCL8 | [194] |
| CXCR2 | CXCL8 | [195] | ||
| Liver | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [1,195] | |
| Brain | CX3CR1 | CXCL8 | [195] | |
| Pleural space | CCR6 | MIP-3α | [195] | |
| Skin, lymph nodes | CCR7 | SLC | [1,195] | |
| Lung | CXCR3 | IP-10 | [156] | |
| Osteosarcoma | Lung | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [2,196] |
| Pancreas | Liver, spleen, lymph nodes, stomach | CXCR5 | BCA-1 | [189,197] |
| Lung, liver | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [2] | |
| Liver | CCR6 | MIP-3α | [82,192] | |
| NSCLC | Pleural space | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [198] |
| Lymph nodes | CCR7 | SLC | [199] | |
| Nasopharyngeal | Lymph nodes | CXCR4 | SDF-1 | [200] |
| Prostate | CXCR1, CXCR2 | CXCL8 | [97,201–206] | |
| Head and neck | Lymph nodes | CCR7 | SLC and ELC | [83] |
BCA: B cell-attracting chemokine; CTAK: Cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine; ELC: EBI1-ligand chemokine; IP: Interferon-γ inducible protein; I-TAC: Interferon-inducible T cell α chemoattractant; MIG: Monokine induced by interferon-γ; NSCLC: Nonsmall-cell lung cancer; SDF: Stromal cell-derived factor; SLC: Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine.