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Phylogenetic tree of complete mtDNA sequences of haplogroups C1, G1, and D4. The tree is rooted in haplogroup M. For subhaplogroup D2b, only diagnostic mutations for specific lineages are indicated, according to data reported elsewhere.9 D2 and D2b coalescence-time estimates were obtained with consideration of the whole diversity within D2b subclusters. For additional information, see the figure 3 legend.
