Figure 1.

SKI suppresses costimulatory molecules and IL-12 production during DC maturation. bone marrow-derived DCs were generated as described in the Material and methods. (a) DCs were treated with the indicated concentrations of SKI for 3 hr and further incubated with or without LPS (200 ng/ml) for 24 hr. Then, DCs were stained with annexin-V and PI. The percentage within each positive cell represents the incidence of annexin-V⁺PI⁺. (b) DCs were preincubated with SKI 2·5 μm for 3 hr and then further incubated with 200 ng/ml LPS for 24 hr. Co-stimulatory molecules were then analysed by flow cytometry. The cells were gated on CD11c⁺. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were shown for each panel. (c) DCs were preincubated with SKI 2·5 μm for 3 hr and then further incubated with 200 ng/ml LPS for 24 hr. The analysis of IL-12 p40/p70, IL-10 and TNF-α in CD11c⁺ DCs was measured by flow cytometry. The numbers indicate the percentages of CD11c⁺ cells expressing IL-12, IL-10 or TNF-α. Values are mean ± SEM obtained from at least three separate experiments. The results are from one representative experiment of three performed.