Figure 3.

(A) E18.5 whole skeletons of a nontransgenic mouse (Left), an RAR-E heterozygote (Center), and an RAR-E homozygote (Right) stained with alcian blue and alizarin red. Skeletons were smaller in transgenic mice in an RAR-E gene dosage-dependent manner. (B) E18.5 skeletons of upper and lower limbs from a nontransgenic mouse (Top), an RAR-E heterozygote (Middle), and an RAR-E homozygote (Bottom). In transgenic mice, the entire limb was decreased in size and bony portions (red) of the scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, metacarpal/metatarsal, and phalangeal bones were all shortened in an RAR-E gene dosage-dependent manner.