Table 6.

Stability of Hypnotic and/or Tranquilizers Use Between 1975 and 1981 and Total Mortality in 1982–2003: Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) for Each Combination of Self-Reported Medication Use. Percentage of Subjects in Each Medication Use Category Combination Given for Men and Women

Use*		Percentage		All-Cause Mortality 1982–2003
1975	1981	Men	Women	Age-adjusted (men) N = 8796	Age-adjusted (women) N = 9326	Fully-adjusted model (men) N = 8412	Fully-adjusted model (women) N = 8824
No	No	87.6	81.8	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Infrequent	No	3.7	5.4	1.13 (0.89, 1.43)	1.19 (0.94, 1.52)	1.01 (0.79, 1.30)	1.10 (0.85, 1.41)
Frequent	No	0.7	1.0	1.31 (0.82, 2.10)	1.36 (0.86, 2.15)	1.13 (0.70, 1.84)	1.35 (0.75, 2.43)
No	Infrequent	3.3	5.1	1.21 (0.94, 1.56)	0.97 (0.75, 1.25)	1.04 (0.79, 1.37)	0.97 (0.73, 1.28)
Infrequent	Infrequent	1.4	2.5	1.30 (0.92, 1.84)	0.98 (0.70, 1.37)	1.19 (0.85, 1.67)	1.06 (0.73, 1.53)
Frequent	Infrequent	0.3	0.7	2.40 (1.46, 3.94)	1.37 (0.87, 2.17)	1.36 (0.81, 2.27)	1.45 (0.90, 2.33)
No	Frequent	1.2	1.3	2.17 (1.52, 3.08)	2.24 (1.66, 3.03)	1.63 (1.14, 2.33)	1.90 (1.36, 2.65)
Infrequent	Frequent	0.5	0.8	1.63 (0.92, 2.86)	1.47 (0.96, 2.25)	1.30 (0.70, 2.40)	1.19 (0.72, 1.96)
Frequent	Frequent	1.3	1.5	2.10 (1.56, 2.83)	1.59 (1.18, 2.13)	1.28 (0.90, 1.83)	1.46 (1.05, 2.01)

^*infrequent = 1–59 days per year; frequent = 60 or more days per year.

Covariates measured in 1981 (in addition to age) in fully-adjusted model: education, marital status, working status, social class, BMI, smoking status, binge drinking, grams of alcohol consumed daily, conditioning physical activity, life satisfaction, sleep length, and sleep quality.