Table 3.

Numbers of Individuals and Hazard Ratios for Incident Probable Alzheimer’s Disease by Frequency of Intake of Fruit and Vegetable Juices Stratified by Potential Modifying Effects Among 1589 Subjects 65 Years and Older (the Kame Project, 1992–2001)

	Intake Frequency
	Less Often Than Weekly HR	1–2 Times per Week HR (95% CI)	3 Times or More per Week HR (95% CI)	P for Trend
Stratum	Stratified analysis of fruit and vegetable juices*
Education
<12 y	9/110	4/25	5/103
	1.00	0.28 (0.02–3.71)	0.05 (0.00–0.98)	.05
≥12 y	21/407	7/221	17/660
	1.00	0.51 (0.18–1.41)	0.20 (0.08–0.49)	< .01
	P for interaction, .29
Smoking status
Never smokers	17/258	7/105	14/392
	1.00	0.78 (0.23–2.61)	0.32 (0.12–0.84)	.02
Ever smokers	13/258	4/141	8/365
	1.00	0.27 (0.06–1.14)	0.04 (0.01–0.24)	< .01
	P for interaction, .98
Tea drinking
<3 times/wk	12/168	2/75	3/223
	1.00	0.04 (0.00–0.46)	0.01 (0.00–0.09)	< .01
≥3 times/wk	17/346	8/166	19/527
	1.00	0.58 (0.19–1.73)	0.43 (0.17–1.06)	.06
	P for interaction, . 33
Regular physical activity
No	16/194	4/95	6/233
	1.00	0.86 (0.23–3.20)	0.06 (0.01–0.23)	< .01
Yes	14/319	5/147	16/507
	1.00	0.57 (0.16–1.97)	0.45 (0.16–1.26)	.13
	P for interaction, .06
ApoE genotype
ApoE-ε4 negative	12/264	6/145	8/404
	1.00	0.93 (0.30–2.88)	0.25 (0.07–0.93)	.05
ApoE-ε4 positive	11/79	1/30	7/80
	1.00	–	0.13 (0.02–0.83)	.02
	P for interaction, .07
Total fat intake (g/d)
≤29.9	17/301	7/132	9/334
	1.00	0.76 (0.26–2.21)	0.23 (0.07–0.78)	.02
>29.9	13/216	4/114	13/429
	1.00	0.36 (0.07–1.85)	0.14 (0.04–0.46)	<.01
	P for interaction, .28

HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; ApoE = apolipoprotein E.

^*Adjusted for years of education, gender, regular physical activity, body mass index, baseline CASI score, olfaction diagnostic group, total energy intake, intake of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, smoking status, alcoholic drinking, supplementation of vitamin C, vitamin E, and multivitamin, tea drinking, and dietary intake of vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene.