Scheme 1.
Steps Involved in the Nanoparticle-Based Potentiometric Detection of DNA Hybridizationa
a (A) Formation of a mixed monolayer of DNA probe on gold substrate; (B) hybridization with target DNA; (C) second hybridization with CdS-labeled probe; (D) dissolution of the CdS tag, followed by detection using a Cd2+-selective electrode.