Dose–response for inhibition by ALLN of β-catenin/TCF-4-dependent reporter activity in HEK293 cells, and the expression of β-catenin and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Cells were transfected with (a) WT, (b) D32G, (c) D32N, (d) D32Y, (e) S33Y or (f) Δ45 β-catenin. TOPflash reporter activities (mean ± s.d., n =3) were determined as described in Figure 3a –lane 1, no DNA; lane 2, empty vector; lane 3, TCF-4; lane 4, TCF-4 plus β-catenin; lanes 5–9, same as lane 4, but with 0 (DMSO vehicle alone), 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM ALLN, respectively. The wedge-shaped symbol indicates increasing concentration of ALLN. The corresponding cell lysates were immunoblotted with antibodies to total β-catenin, PARP and β-actin. An asterisk denotes the position of higher molecular weight band(s) for β-catenin, seen after treatment with ALLN. The arrow indicates cleaved PARP