TABLE 3.
One-year measures of insulin secretion and sensitivity according to KCNJ11 E23K genotypes by treatment arm in the DPP
| E/E | E/K | K/K | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ins index [(μU/ml)/(mg/dl)] | ||||
| n | 1,658 | 1,445 | 364 | |
| Placebo | 1.26 (1.18–1.35) | 1.15 (1.06–1.25) | 1.20 (1.02–1.39) | 0.24 |
| Metformin | 1.30 (1.21–1.39) | 1.09 (1.00–1.18) | 1.16 (0.95–1.36) | 0.005 |
| Lifestyle | 1.17 (1.08–1.26) | 1.26 (1.17–1.35) | 1.09 (0.91–1.27) | 0.18 |
| Troglitazone | 1.18 (1.02–1.34) | 1.26 (1.10–1.41) | 1.20 (0.87–1.53) | 0.78 |
| ISI [(μU/ml) × (mmol/l)]−1 | ||||
| n | 1,688 | 1,474 | 374 | |
| Placebo | 0.184 (0.175–0.194) | 0.192 (0.181–0.202) | 0.213 (0.193–0.232) | 0.04 |
| Metformin | 0.235 (0.223–0.247) | 0.241 (0.229–0.254) | 0.194 (0.167–0.221) | 0.007 |
| Lifestyle | 0.265 (0.250–0.281) | 0.279 (0.263–0.295) | 0.271 (0.240–0.302) | 0.47 |
| Troglitazone | 0.274 (0.246–0.302) | 0.275 (0.248–0.302) | 0.256 (0.199–0.313) | 0.83 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | ||||
| n | 1,688 | 1,474 | 374 | |
| Placebo | 28 (26–29) | 28 (26–29) | 26 (23–29) | 0.53 |
| Metformin | 24 (23–25) | 24 (22–25) | 27 (24–29) | 0.04 |
| Lifestyle | 22 (21–23) | 21 (20–23) | 20 (18–23) | 0.61 |
| Troglitazone | 21 (19–22) | 21 (20–23) | 21 (17–24) | 0.90 |
Data are least-squares means (95% CI), adjusted for baseline values.
*
Nominal two-sided P values for the effect of E23K genotype are displayed; to correct for the number of hypotheses tested, a Bonferroni correction factor of ×5 can be applied (see text for details). Ins, insulinogenic; ISI, insulin sensitivity index.