Table 1. Fibroblast markers. Modified from Kalluri and Zeisberg (2006).

Marker	Function	Fibroblast types in which it is found	Other cell types in which it is found
Vimentin	Intermediate filament-associated protein	Miscellaneous	Endothelial cells, myoepithelial cells, neurons
α-SMA	Intermediate filament-associated protein	Myofibroblasts	Vascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, myoepithelial cells
Desmin	Intermediate filament-associated protein	Skin fibroblasts	Muscle cells, vascular smooth muscle cells
FSP1	Intermediate filament-associated protein	Miscellaneous	Invasive carcinoma cells
Discoidin-domain receptor 2	Collagen receptor	Cardiac fibroblasts	Endothelial cells
FAP	Serine protease	Activated fibroblasts	Activated melanocytes
α1β1 integrin	Collagen receptor	Miscellaneous	Monocytes, endothelial cells
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase	Collagen biosynthesis	Miscellaneous	Endothelial cells, cancer cells, epithelial cells
Pro-collagen 1α2	Collagen-1 biosynthesis	Miscellaneous	Osteoblasts, chondroblasts
CD248	Unknown	Miscellaneous	Pericytes
VCAM-1	Cell adhesion	Miscellaneous	Activated endothelial cells