Table 5.
Estimated Ages of Sex-Chromosome Rearrangements in the melanica and robusta Species Groups
| Dating estimation methods * Calibration points | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event | Ks mtDNA *Caletka and McAllister [60] | Ks nuclear *Bonacum et al [88] | PL * Throckmorton [46] | BD *Throckmorton [46] | |
| Fusion in the melanica group | Minimum a | 7.0 (5.2 – 8.9) | 8.1 (5.3 – 11.1) | 7.5 (5.6 – 10.7) | 8.4 (2.9 – 16.5) |
| Maximum b | 8.2 (6.1 – 10.6) | 9.5 (6.3 – 13.0) | 8.9 (6.5 – 12.6) | 13.3 (5.4 – 20.1) | |
| Fusion in the robusta group | Minimum c | 8.0 (6.1 – 9.9) | 9.9 (6.7 – 13.3) | 10.1 (7.0 – 13.5) | 14.7 (10.9 – 19.0) |
| Maximum d | 11.1 (8.6 – 14.1) | 15.1 (11.0 – 19.5) | 15.6 (11.9 – 20.0) | 20.6 (17.0 – 24.6) | |
Note: Values in parentheses indicate the 95% confidence intervals. Superscriptsa, b, c, & d indicate respective nodes in Figure 5. Dating methods: Ks, rate of synonymous substitutions; PL, penalized likelihood; BD, Bayesian dating. See text for details on calibration points.