Fig 6.

Expression of active p38 in neuronal and satellite glial cells is increased in response to NO/proton stimulation. Trigeminal ganglion from untreated animals or animals injected with 10 mm of the NO donor SNP in pH 5.5 medium were stained for the active, phosphorylated form of p38 MAP kinase. In control ganglion, p38 staining was barely detectable (A). In contrast, p38 staining was readily detectable in the V3, V2, and V1 regions of the ganglion 2 hours after stimulation with NO/protons (B). At higher magnification, elevated levels of p38 were detected in both neuronal (thick arrows) and satellite glial cells (thin arrow) in response to NO/protons (D). Retrograde labeling of the same section shown in panel B is shown in panel C. A single True Blue labeled neuron with surrounding satellite cells is indicated.