Table 2.

Mean blood pressure change by treatment category from randomized controlled trials with adequate blood pressure baseline measurement and using attention-control groups^*

Treatment category (study)	No. of treatment comparisons (total no. of subjects)	Systolic blood pressure, net change			Diastolic blood pressure, net change
		Mean, mm Hg	95% CI	P	Mean, mm Hg	95% CI	P
Simple biofeedback  (Blanchard et al. [30],  Blanchard et al. [31],  Blanchard et al. [32],  Blanchard et al. [33])	6 (141)	−0.8	[−4.1, +2.6]	NS	−2.0	[−5.1, +1.2]	NS
Relaxation-assisted biofeedback  (Chesney et al [11],  Frankel et al. [37],  Jacob et al. [38],  McGrady et al. [39])	4 (98)	+4.3	[−0.8, +9.3]	NS	+2.4	[−0.7, +5.6]	NS
Progressive muscle relaxation  (Schneider et al. [26],  Schneider et al. [27])	2 (171)	−1.9	[−6.8, +3.1]	NS	−1.4	[−4.3, +1.4]	NS
Transcendental Meditation  (Schneider et al. [26], Schneider et  al. [27], Castillo-Richmond et al.  [28], Paul-Labrador et al. [29••],  Barnes et al. [34], Barnes et al. [35])	6 (449)	−5.0	[−7.6, −2.3]	0.0002	−2.8	[−5.0, −0.5]	0.02
Stress management,  including relaxation  (Chesney et al. [11],  Amigo et al. [40],  Irvine et al. [41],  Johnston et al. [42])	5 (207)	−2.3	[−5.0, +0.5]	NS	−1.3	[−5.4, +2.7]	NS

^*Means for each treatment category are weighted mean differences, indicating net change relative to control groups in systolic BP and change in diastolic BP. Because some intervention categories shared the same control subjects, numbers of subjects are not additive.

NS—not statistically significant.