Primary cultures of chondrocytes were incubated for a total of 24 h, in 0.5 osmol l−1 medium for the first 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 or 24 h, and then in 0.3 osmol l−1 medium for the remaining period. At the indicated times samples of cells were treated as described in the Methods section and their uptake of GABA was measured under standard conditions. The external concentration of GABA was 0.1 mmol l−1. The results are mean values (±s.e.m.) of 6 replicate measurements. The error bars are contained within the symbols except where shown. •, 0.5 osmol l−1; ○, 0.3 osmol l−1