A, effect of 50 μM 4-AP, showing reversibility of action. B, lack of effect of 0.5 mM DIDS on Na+ currents. In both A and B cells were held at -80 mV and pulsed to +60 mV at 0.1 Hz. Pipette and bath solutions contained 130 mM /5 mM . C, mean data for actions of 1 mM 4-AP and 0.5 mM DIDS vs. control, n = 4–6. 4-AP data are significantly different from controls (*P < 0.001). D, superimposed currents during depolarization, and subsequent tail currents. Solutions contained symmetrical 135 mM /. Pulse protocol (top): initial 10 ms depolarization from -80 to +80 mV incremented by 100 ms for each subsequent pulse. E, as for D with initial pulse duration of 10 ms, with 10 ms increment. Note that the amplitude of the fast tail current on repolarization (Itail) was scaled to the preceding outward current amplitude at the end of the pulse (Istep). Dotted lines denote zero current level. F, the Itail/Istep ratio as a function of pulse duration. Data represent means ±s.e.m. (n = 9).