Table 5.

Randomized controlled trials with HbA_1c data (see Multimedia Appendix for full tables containing inclusion criteria and data gathering methods)

Study	Trial Duration (months)	Intervention			Control			Quality Score [12]
		N	Baseline and Follow-Up Values ± SD	Mean Difference ± SD	N	Baseline and Follow-Up Values ± SD	Mean Difference ± SD
Biermann [15]	4	27	8.3 ± 2.3 6.9 ± 1.3	−1.4 ± 2.0*	16	8.0 ± 2.1 7.0 ± 1.0	−1.0 ± 1.82	3
McKay (a) [30]†	3	37	7.75 ± 1.33 7.73 ± 1.42	−0.02 ± 1.38*	33	7.20 ± 1.36 7.37 ± 1.49	0.17 ± 1.43	3
McKay (b) [30]†	3	30	7.64 ± 1.71 7.59 ± 1.66	−0.06 ± 1.69*	33	7.20 ± 1.36 7.37 ± 1.49	0.17 ± 1.43	3
McKay (c) [30]†	3	33	7.46 ± 1.35 7.28 ± 1.28	−0.18 ± 1.32*	33	7.20 ± 1.36 7.37 ± 1.49	0.17 ± 1.43	3
Farmer [19]	9	47	9.2 ± 1.1 8.6 ± 1.4	−0.62 ± 2.42‡	46	9.3 ± 1.5§ 8.9 ± 1.4	−0.38 ± 2.36	2
McMahon [31]||	12	52	10.0 ± 0.8	−1.6 ± 1.4	52	9.9 ± 0.8	−1.2 ± 1.4	2
Jansa [25]	12	18	8.4 ± 1.2 7.6 ± 0.9	−0.8 ± 0.74§	15	8.9 ± 1.3 7.6 ± 0.7	−1.3 ± 0.64	3
Larizza [27]¶	12	15	8.40 ± 2.53 7.75 ± 1.16	−0.65 ± 2.20*	14	10.15 ± 3.25 9.28 ± 2.34	−0.87 ± 2.90	2

^*Imputation technique.

^†Intervention (a) was personal self-management coach (n = 37), intervention (b) was peer support (n = 30), and intervention (c) was combined condition (n = 33).

^‡Calculated using 95% CI.

^§Calculated using P values provided by author.

^||Precise follow-up data were not reported.

^¶Data from location 2 (adults) of the study, see Table 3.