Skip to main content
PMC home page
Epidemiology and Infection logoLink to Epidemiology and Infection
. 1993 Aug;111(1):27–39. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800056648

Acquisition and invasiveness of different serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in young children.

T Smith 1, D Lehmann 1, J Montgomery 1, M Gratten 1, I D Riley 1, M P Alpers 1
PMCID: PMC2271190  PMID: 8348930

Abstract

Rates of acquisition and mean duration of nasal carriage of different serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been estimated by fitting a stochastic model to longitudinal carriage data in children from Papua New Guinea. Immunogenicity and two indices of relative invasiveness were determined for each serotype. Immunogenic serotypes were less frequently acquired and were carried for shorter periods, but no relationship between immunogenicity and invasiveness was apparent using either index of invasiveness. Frequent invasion was associated with a high acquisition rate and high frequency and prolonged duration of carriage. Carriage studies can provide a broad indication of which serotypes cause invasive disease but not the proportion of disease due to individual serotypes; some serotypes which cause invasive disease (e.g. serotype 46) are not found even in extensive carriage studies. The antibiotic resistance of carriage organisms, however, does approximate the resistance patterns of invasive organisms and thus may be used to monitor changing patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility in the community.

Full text

PDF
32

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Austrian R. Some observations on the pneumococcus and on the current status of pneumococcal disease and its prevention. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 Mar-Apr;3 (Suppl):S1–17. doi: 10.1093/clinids/3.supplement_1.s1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barker J., Gratten M., Riley I., Lehmann D., Montgomery J., Kajoi M., Gratten H., Smith D., Marshall T. F., Alpers M. P. Pneumonia in children in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea: a bacteriologic study of patients selected by standard clinical criteria. J Infect Dis. 1989 Feb;159(2):348–352. doi: 10.1093/infdis/159.2.348. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Busse W. W. Pathogenesis and sequelae of respiratory infections. Rev Infect Dis. 1991 May-Jun;13 (Suppl 6):S477–S485. doi: 10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_6.s477. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Douglas R. M., Paton J. C., Duncan S. J., Hansman D. J. Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccination in children younger than five years of age. J Infect Dis. 1983 Jul;148(1):131–137. doi: 10.1093/infdis/148.1.131. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gray B. M., Converse G. M., 3rd, Dillon H. C., Jr Epidemiologic studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae in infants: acquisition, carriage, and infection during the first 24 months of life. J Infect Dis. 1980 Dec;142(6):923–933. doi: 10.1093/infdis/142.6.923. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gwaltney J. M., Jr, Sande M. A., Austrian R., Hendley J. O. Spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae in families. II. Relation of transfer of S. pneumoniae to incidence of colds and serum antibody. J Infect Dis. 1975 Jul;132(1):62–68. doi: 10.1093/infdis/132.1.62. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Klein J. O. The epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in infants and children. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 Mar-Apr;3(2):246–253. doi: 10.1093/clinids/3.2.246. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Lehmann D., Coakley K. J., Coakley C. A., Spooner V., Montgomery J. M., Michael A., Riley I. D., Smith T., Clancy R. L., Cripps A. W. Reduction in the incidence of acute bronchitis by an oral Haemophilus influenzae vaccine in patients with chronic bronchitis in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Aug;144(2):324–330. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/144.2.324. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. MacLEOD C. M., KRAUS M. R. Relation of virulence of pneumococcal strains for mice to the quantity of capsular polysaccharide formed in vitro. J Exp Med. 1950 Jul 1;92(1):1–9. doi: 10.1084/jem.92.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Montgomery J. M., Lehmann D., Smith T., Michael A., Joseph B., Lupiwa T., Coakley C., Spooner V., Best B., Riley I. D. Bacterial colonization of the upper respiratory tract and its association with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Highland children of Papua New Guinea. Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Nov-Dec;12 (Suppl 8):S1006–S1016. doi: 10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_8.s1006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Riley I. D., Lehmann D., Alpers M. P. Pneumococcal vaccine trials in Papua New Guinea: relationships between epidemiology of pneumococcal infection and efficacy of vaccine. Rev Infect Dis. 1991 May-Jun;13 (Suppl 6):S535–S541. doi: 10.1093/clinids/13.supplement_6.s535. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Sanders E. Bacterial interference. I. Its occurrence among the respiratory tract flora and characterization of inhibition of group A streptococci by viridans streptococci. J Infect Dis. 1969 Dec;120(6):698–707. doi: 10.1093/infdis/120.6.698. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Shann F. Etiology of severe pneumonia in children in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1986 Mar-Apr;5(2):247–252. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198603000-00017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Smith T. A., Lehmann D., Coakley C., Spooner V., Alpers M. P. Relationships between growth and acute lower-respiratory infections in children aged less than 5 y in a highland population of Papua New Guinea. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Apr;53(4):963–970. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.4.963. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Witt C. S., Alpers M. P. Impaired cell-mediated immunity in Papua New Guinean infants. P N G Med J. 1991 Jun;34(2):90–97. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Witt C. S., Pomat W., Lehmann D., Alpers M. P. Antibodies to pneumococcal polysaccharides in pneumonia and response to pneumococcal vaccination in young children in Papua New Guinea. Clin Exp Immunol. 1991 Feb;83(2):219–224. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05618.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wright P. F., Sell S. H., Vaughn W. K., Andrews C., McConnell K. B., Schiffman G. Clinical studies of pneumococcal vaccines in infants. II. Efficacy and effect on nasopharyngeal carriage. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 Mar-Apr;3 (Suppl):S108–S112. doi: 10.1093/clinids/3.supplement_1.s108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Epidemiology and Infection are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES