Figure 1.

Areas of damage in the five monkeys with ventrolateral prefrontal lesions are plotted onto schematic coronal brain sections from a standard atlas of the rhesus monkey brain (Szwarcbart 2005). Large numerals indicate millimeters anterior to the interaural plane. The lesions are illustrated as the extent to which damage is present in one, two, three, four, or all five of the lesion cases, indicated by color going from light gray to black (the scale is represented at the top of the figure). The ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is extensively damaged in all five cases (occupying much of the inferior frontal convexity), although the lateral borders of the lesions vary from case to case.