Table 3.
Risk factors for developing one or more major drug reactions among 1055 patients with newly diagnosed second stage human African trypanosomiasis included in cohort, by age group
| Risk factors | Univariable | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Children <15 years (n=226) | |||||
| Trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid | 2.2 (1.1 to 4.6) | 0.028 | — | NS | |
| Cerebrospinal fluid leucocytes ×109/l: | |||||
| 21-99 v ≤20 | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.6) | 0.269 | 0.4 (0.1 to 1.4) | 0.167 | |
| ≥100 v ≤20 | 2.2 (1.0 to 4.7) | 0.048 | 1.6 (0.7 to 3.8) | 0.249 | |
| Confusion or stupor | 8.3 (2.5 to 27.7) | 0.001 | 9.3 (2.5 to 34.2) | 0.001 | |
| Seizures | 5.6 (1.5 to 20.3) | 0.009 | 3.6 (0.9 to 14.6) | 0.078 | |
| Eflornithine 600 v 400 mg/kg/day | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.3) | 0.757 | — | NS | |
| Adults (n=829) | |||||
| Trypanosomes in lymph or blood | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.7) | 0.005 | 0.51 (0.2 to 1.2) | 0.107 | |
| Trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid | 2.3 (1.5 to 3.5) | <0.001 | — | NS | |
| Cerebrospinal fluid leucocytes ×109/l: | |||||
| 21-99 v ≤20 | 2.1 (1.2 to 3.9) | 0.013 | 2.1 (1.2 to 3.9) | 0.017 | |
| 100 v ≤20 | 3.4 (2.0 to 5.8) | <0.001 | 2.6 (1.5 to 4.6) | 0.001 | |
| Confusion or stupor | 2.9 (1.5 to 5.4) | 0.001 | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.4) | 0.151 | |
| Seizures | 7.3 (3.0 to 17.6) | <0.001 | 5.9 (2.0 to 13.3) | 0.001 | |
| Musculoskeletal pain | 0.5 (0.2 to 0.9) | 0.024 | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.7) | 0.003 | |
| Dehydration | 3.3 (1.0 to 11.0) | 0.049 | 2.6 (0.7 to 9.5) | 0.143 | |
NS=Not significant.