Fig. 5.

Protein expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) rats compared to control animals. β-actin was used to normalize loading. LPS rats demonstrate a significant increase in TLR-4 and MyD88 expression in ileum compared to control animals. Protein expression of TLR-4 and MyD88 decreased significantly in ileum following glutamine administration. Data shown are mean ± standard error of the mean. *P < 0·05 versus control; †LPS–Gln versus LPS.