T cell conditioned media (CM) stimulate fibroblasts to release active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in three-dimensional cultures. Media from gel cultures were collected and concentrated. Proteins were separated by electrophoresis on an acrylamide gel containing gelatine. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity were detected after proteolysis. Densitometry was used to determine the intensity of MMP-9 activity. (a) MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in media stimulated with CD3+ CM (lanes 3, 4 and 6) from three separate experiments were compared to control samples [human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL) cultured in Dulbecco's modified essential medium (DMEM) alone, lanes 2 and 5]. The first lane contained supernatants from HT1080 cells (positive control). (b) MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity after stimulation with CD4+ T cell CM and CD8+ T cells CM separately from four different experiments (CD4-1/CD8-1, CD4-2/CD8-2, CD4-3/CD8-3 and CD4-4/CD8-4). (c) The relative MMP-9 activity as densitometric value in media from gel cultures stimulated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cell CM (P < 0·05, Mann–Whitney, n = 4), n.d. = not detected.