Figure 1.

Schematic timeline for Protocol 1 Acute increases in extravascular pressure were acheived via whole forearm compression with a custom-made cuff utilizing pressures of 100 and 200 mmHg. Single compressions were performed with cuff inflated for 2 s, sustained compressions were performed with cuff inflated for 6 s, repeated compressions were performed with cuff inflated for 2 s followed by 1 s of deflation for 5 cycles. Each compression trial was preceded and followed by 2 min of rest. Isometric handgrip was performed at ∼20% maximum voluntary contraction in a similar fashion. (See Methods for more detail).