The activation by liquiritigenin is selective for the estrogen receptor. U2OS were transfected with TAT3-luciferase and androgen receptor (AR) (A), MMTV-luciferase and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (B), TAT3-luciferase and progesterone receptor B (PR) (C), or F2 tk-Luc and thyroid hormone receptor β1 (TR) (D). The cells were treated for 18 h with 1 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT), or 1 nM dexamethasone (Dex), or 1 nM progesterone (Prog), or 10 nM triiodothyronine (T3) (A, B, C, D, respectively) or 2.5 μM liquiritigenin (Liq). Each data point is the average of triplicate determinations ± S.E.M. An activation by the drug was significant (p < 0.05) when it was 2-fold greater than the control values.