Table I.
Genes up-regulated ≥2 times at 60 d of protoplast culture versus 40 d of culture
| Fold Change | IDs | Similarity to Known Proteins |
|---|---|---|
| Chalcone and flavonoid metabolism | ||
| 2.8–3.5 | TC100398, TC100400, TC100398 | Chalcone reductase |
| 2.0–2.3 | TC106536, TC106544 | Chalcone synthase |
| 3.4 | TC107720 | UDP-glycose:flavonoid glycosyltransferase |
| 3.2–3.4 | TC94281, TC96312 | Isoflavone reductase |
| 2.1 | TC100787 | Isoflavone 2′-hydroxylase |
| Transcription factors | ||
| 2.5–3.6 | TC107549, TC94651, TC1015293 | MYB |
| 2.3–2.8 | TC97324, TC101761 | WRKY |
| 2.1 | TC100528, TC96130 | No apical meristem (NAM) |
| Nodulins | ||
| 2.5–3.2 | TC111031, AL383966 | NOD-like membrane protein |
| 2.5–3.6 | TC100836, TC94419, TC107353 | Nodule specific |
| 2.2 | TC103767 | ENOD18 |
| 2.2 | TC95616 | N21-like protein |
| Cytokinin response | ||
| 2.2 | TC94601 | Ser/Thr protein kinase |
| Auxin response | ||
| 2.6 | TC95234 | Auxin-induced protein homolog F8F16.140 (Arabidopsis) |
| 2.6 | TC94351 | Zea mays IN2-2 protein |
| Ethylene biosynthesis | ||
| 2.8–6.9 | TC106654, TC106655 | ACO |
| 2.3 | TC95406 | ACS |
| Ethylene response | ||
| 2.8–3.3 | TC43436, TC105017 | Ethylene-induced esterase/lipase (Citrus sinensis) |
| 1.94 | TC102138 | MtSERF1 |
| ABA response | ||
| 2.2–3.9 | TC95327, TC106638 | ABA and environmental stress-inducible protein |
| GA response | ||
| 5 | TC100404 | LTCOR11, |
| 3.8 | TC94215 | GAST-like gene product (Fragaria × ananassa) |
| 2.2 | TC95411 | Snakin-1 (Solanum tuberosum) |
| GA metabolism | ||
| 2.9 | TC103730 | GA 2-oxidase (Pisum sativum) |
| Jasmonic acid biosynthesis | ||
| 2.2 | TC107322 | Allene-oxide cyclase |
| Stress and defense | ||
| 2.3 | TC106640 | Ferritin |
| 2.1–4.7 | TC106639, TC106641, TC100143 | Cold- and drought-regulated protein |
| 2.2 | TC108259 | Dehydration stress-induced protein (Brassica napus) |
| 2.8 | TC101709 | Putative esterase |
| 2.1–7 | TC101688, TC95383, TC94626, TC94626 | Pathogenesis-related protein |
| 2.4 | TC94759, TC100686 | Putative disease resistance protein |
| 2.2–5 | TC108315, TC107261, TC106851, TC95164, TC100746 | Peroxidase |
| 4.7 | TC100966 | Environmental stress-induced protein |
| 2 | TC102781 | Temperature stress-induced lipocalin, partial (87%) |
| 2.2 | TC97485 | β-Glucan-elicitor receptor (soybean) |
| Signal transduction | ||
| 2.7 | TC100498 | Protein kinase MMK4, cold- and drought-induced (alfalfa), complete |
| 2.2 | TC109312 | Putative LRR receptor-like kinase |
| 2–2.5 | TC102218, TC94601, TC94008 | Ser/Thr-specific protein kinase |
| 2.5 | TC103069 | Similarity to calmodulin, partial (46%) |
| Ca2+ related | ||
| 2.3 | TC108816 | Ca2+/H+-exchanging protein |
| Chloroplasts/photosynthesis | ||
| 2–2.7 | TC106570, TC93920, TC94106 | Rubisco small subunit |
| 2–2.2 | TC100390, TC100390, TC106432 | Chlorophyll a/b-binding protein |
| Cytochrome P450 | ||
| 2.1–2.3 | TC100502, TC100504, BE941365 | Cytochrome P450 |
| Lipid transport | ||
| 2.1–4.5 | TC94445, TC95002, TC94143, TC94138, TC93922 | Nonspecific lipid-transfer protein precursor (LTP) |
| Protein integrity | ||
| 3.5 | TC106781 | Kunitz proteinase inhibitor |
| Redox-related | ||
| 2 | TC104047 | Thioredoxin 3 |
| Cell wall structure and biosynthesis | ||
| 2.3–3.1 | TC106576, TC106582 | Extensin-like protein |
| 2.5–2.7 | TC94063, TC94968 | Cyanogenic β-glucosidase |
| 2.7 | TC100486 | Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase, brassinosteroid-regulated protein BRU1 (soybean) |
| 2.1–2.4 | TC101143, TC94366 | Pectinesterase-like protein |
| 2.2 | TC100597 | Haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase, putative ripening-related protein (Vitis vinifera) |
| 2.1 | TC100580 | Pro-rich cell wall protein |
| 2–2.5 | TC94670, TC93935 | Glucan endo-1,3-β-d-glucosidase |