In order to evaluate the voltage-dependent properties of ImVDCC under conditions as similar to the physiological situation as possible, Ba2+ was used as the charge carrier. Bath and pipette contained 5 mm Ba2+-external and Cs+-internal solutions, respectively. A, current-voltage relationships for ImVDCC in the absence and presence of 100 μm ATP (A) in the bath. B, ImVDCC activation curve evaluated by tail current analysis and quasi steady-state inactivation curve evaluated by 10 s preconditioning pulses (see Morita et al. 1999). Smooth curves are the best fit of data points (n = 5) by Boltzmann equation: 1/(1 + exp((Vm - V0.5)/k), where Vm, V0.5 and k denote membrane potential, half activation or inactivation voltage and slope factor, respectively. C, current-voltage relationships for ImVDCC in the absence and presence of 1 mm ATP with 41.3 nm protein kinase A inhibitory peptide in the pipette.