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. 2002 Jul 15;542(Pt 2):631–642. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.020685

Table 2.

Characteristics of the subjects in the sedentary, lower body resistive training and whole body resistive training groups

Parameter Group Baseline Week RT12 Change
Age (years) SED 66 ± 3
LBRT 67 ± 3
WBRT 65 ± 2
Height (cm) SED 167 ± 3
LBRT 166 ± 3
WBRT 166 ± 4
Weight (kg) SED 67.7 ± 4.1 67.7 ± 4.0 0.0 ± 0.2
LBRT 69.2 ± 5.9 68.7 ± 5.7 −0.5 ± 0.3
WBRT 72.1 ± 3.6 71.9 ± 3.7 −0.3 ± 0.3
Percentage body fat* SED 38.7 ± 2.8 40.1 ± 2.8 1.4 ± 1.2
LBRT 37.8 ± 1.8 39.4 ± 1.3 1.6 ± 0.8
WBRT 40.5 ± 3.5 42.1 ± 3.2 1.6 ± 0.8
Fat-free mass* (kg) SED 42.1 ± 3.1 41.0 ± 3.0 −1.1 ± 0.8
LBRT 43.0 ± 4.0 41.8 ± 3.8 −1.2 ± 0.5
WBRT 42.6 ± 2.8 41.1 ± 2.3 −1.5 ± 0.7
Total body water* (l) SED 28.9 ± 2.3 27.8 ± 2.0 −1.1 ± 1.0
LBRT 30.4 ± 2.9 29.5 ± 2.8 −0.9 ± 0.6
WBRT 30.6 ± 2.0 28.9 ± 1.5 −1.7 ± 0.8
Protein–mineral mass (kg) SED 12.5 ± 0.9 12.6 ± 0.9 0.1 ± 0.4
LBRT 12.6 ± 1.2 12.3 ± 1.3 −0.3 ± 0.3
WBRT 12.0 ± 1.0 12.3 ± 1.0 0.3 ± 0.2
Urinary creatinine (g day−1) SED 1.08 ± 0.12 1.00 ± 0.11 −0.08 ± 0.04
LBRT 1.14 ± 0.17 1.04 ± 0.12 −0.10 ± 0.07
WBRT 1.00 ± 0.11 1.03 ± 0.10 0.03 ± 0.06
Mid-thigh muscle area † (cm2) SED 100.4 ± 8.0 98.7 ± 7.5 −1.7 ± 0.6
LBRT 115.6 ± 12.6 117.7 ± 12.3 2.1 ± 1.3†
WBRT 113.5 ± 8.8 115.7 ± 8.7 2.2 ± 1.2†
Mid-thigh fat area (cm2) SED 76.8 ± 14.1 78.3 ± 14.1 1.5 ± 1.3
LBRT 57.1 ± 8.9 57.2 ± 8.5 0.1 ± 1.3
WBRT 105.1 ± 21.0 103.2 ± 21.0 −1.9 ± 1.5
Mid-arm muscle area (cm2) SED 29.6 ± 3.6 29.4 ± 3.7 −0.2 ± 0.4
LBRT 35.1 ± 3.8 34.9 ± 3.8 −0.3 ± 0.7
WBRT 32.2 ± 3.3 32.7 ± 3.4 0.5 ± 0.6
Mid-arm fat area (cm2) SED 34.9 ± 6.4 34.1 ± 6.1 −0.8 ± 1.3
LBRT 36.3 ± 4.4 36.2 ± 4.9 −0.1 ± 0.8
WBRT 40.6 ± 7.1 40.0 ± 7.2 −0.6 ± 0.6
Upper body strength † (N) SED 672 ± 98 657 ± 89 −1 ± 2 %
LBRT 640 ± 106 668 ± 88 10 ± 5 %
WBRT 686 ± 76 810 ± 93 18 ± 3 %
Lower body strength † (Nm) SED 297 ± 42 288 ± 33 −0 ± 7 %
LBRT 290 ± 50 357 ± 50 36 ± 11 %†
WBRT 280 ± 40 361 ± 43 32 ± 6 %†

Values are means ± s.e.m. The subjects were sedentary (SED), lower body resistive trained (LBRT), and whole body resistive trained (WBRT) older people. *Week RT12 different from baseline for all subjects (i.e. a main effect of time), P < 0.05. † Group-by-time interaction, P < 0.05. ± Change with time different than SED group, P < 0.05.