Table 1.

Matched-pairs analysis of patterns of crustacean tagmosis evolution

Trait	Sign test				Wilcoxon test (vs. H0: median = 0)
	No. of differences			P value	Median rate, billion years−1	V	P value
	Increases	Decreases	No change
Brillouin tagmosis value	10	2	0	0.0386	0.682	68	0.0210
Total no. of limbs	5	4	3	1.00	0	19	0.722
No. of limb types	10	1	1	0.0117	4.466	59	0.0234
No. of types per limb	10	1	1	0.0117	0.301	61	0.0145
Average disparity per limb	10	2	0	0.0386	1.044	75	0.00244*
Total disparity across limbs	11	1	0	0.00635*	11.633	70	0.0122

Twelve fossil crustaceans were matched with Recent taxa (see Methods and SI Appendix E) to investigate whether the trend in tagmosis is repeated across independent lineages.

*Results remaining significant after sequential Bonferroni correction.