Table 2.

Relative tagmosis values of crustacean orders (compared with the contemporaneous average) at their time of origin and extinction

Trait	Sign test				Wilcoxon test
	No. of differences			P value	Median difference (H0 = 0)	V	P value
	Positive	Negative	Zero
Relative value at origination; n = 66 (51)
Brillouin tagmosis value	46 (35)	20 (16)	0 (0)	0.0019* (0.0110*)	0.172 (0.184)	1564 (935)	0.0034* (0.0109*)
Total no. of limbs	33 (29)	30 (19)	3 (3)	0.801 (0.193)	0.667 (1.882)	1231 (800)	0.128 (0.0300)
No. of limb types	47 (37)	18 (13)	1 (1)	0.00042* (0.00094*)	0.660 (0.989)	1655.5 (990.5)	0.00014* (0.00067*)
Mean no. of limb types per limb	32 (21)	33 (29)	1 (1)	1.00 (0.322)	−0.00790 (−0.0420)	948 (506)	0.418 (0.206)
Average disparity per limb	28 (19)	38 (32)	0 (0)	0.268 (0.0919∼)	−0.146 (−0.163)	843 (452)	0.0942 ∼ (0.0485)
Total disparity score	46 (36)	20 (15)	0 (0)	0.0019* (0.0046*)	1.910 (2.50)	1569 (976)	0.0031* (0.0034*)
elative value at extinction; n = 25
Brillouin tagmosis value	12	13	0	1.00	−0.0283	159	0.937
Total limb number	16	9	0	0.230	1.609	1015	0.565
No. of limb types	13	12	0	1.00	0.125	166	0.936
Mean no. limb types per limb	6	19	0	0.0146	−0.115	67	0.00882*
Average disparity per limb	4	21	0	0.00091*	−0.454	40	0.00103*
Total disparity score	10	15	0	0.424	−1.438	129	0.375

For the origination analyses, the first values are for results including all taxa (with living taxa having no fossil record being recorded as originating in the Holocene), and the numbers in parentheses are the results excluding taxa lacking a fossil record. Significant (P < 0.05) results are highlighted in bold.

*Results remaining significant after sequential Bonferroni correction (performed across the six traits within each category of analysis).