TABLE 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Children With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Children With OCD Plus Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Children With ADHD, and Unaffected Comparison Subjects in a Study of Adaptive, Emotional, and Family Functioning.
| Characteristic | Children With OCD
(N=56) |
Children With OCD Plus ADHD
(N=43) |
Children With ADHD
(N=95) |
Comparison Subjects
(N=93) |
Analysisa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | χ2 | df | p | |
| Male gender | 34 | 61 | 39 | 91 | 73 | 77 | 45 | 48 | 30.40 | 3 | <0.001 |
| Caucasian race | 53 | 94 | 42 | 98 | 95 | 94 | 89 | 95 | 0.70 | 3 | n.s. |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | F | df | p | |
| Age (years) | 12.1 | 2.4 | 12.0 | 2.6 | 11.3 | 2.6 | 11.3 | 2.5 | 2.37 | 3, 284 | n.s. |
| Socioeconomic statusb | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.66 | 3, 270 | n.s. |
| Yale Global Tic Severity Scale total current score | 10.3 | 12.1 | 12.6 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 11.0 | — | — | 0.81 | 2, 170 | n.s. |
| Conners' Teachers and Parents Rating Scales (parents' scale) hyperactivity index | 54.6 | 12.3 | 70.2a | 12.5 | 72.3a | 13.9 | 42.3 | 8.8 | 106.30 | 3, 250 | <0.001 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | df | p | |
| Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score | |||||||||||
| Total current | 11.6 | 7.9 | 10.1 | 9.1 | — | — | — | 0.84 | 83 | n.s. | |
| Total worst ever | 22.1 | 9.8 | 19.4 | 11.5 | — | — | — | 1.17 | 83 | n.s. | |
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | χ2 | df | p | |
| Medication status | |||||||||||
| Receiving medicationc | 44 | 79 | 33 | 77 | 69 | 73 | — | — | |||
| Not receiving medication | 12 | 21 | 10 | 23 | 26 | 27 | — | — | 0.73 | 2 | n.s. |
| Comorbid diagnosesd | n.s. | ||||||||||
| Tourette's disorder | 23a | 41 | 25a | 58 | 43 | 45 | — | — | 3.05 | 2 | n.s. |
| Depression | 15a | 28 | 13a | 33 | 20 | 21 | — | — | 2.21 | 2 | n.s. |
| Anxiety disorder (except OCD) | 22a | 41 | 15a | 37 | 8 | 9 | — | — | 24.48 | 2 | <0.001 |
| Oppositional defiant disorder | 7 | 13 | 15a | 37 | 29a | 31 | — | — | 8.01 | 2 | <0.05 |
| Conduct disorder | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | — | — | 1.69 | 2 | n.s. |
a
Post hoc pairwise tests and chi-square tests (p<0.05) showed no difference between groups with the same subscript.
b
Measured with the Hollingshead Four-Factor Index of Social Status (23).
c
Medications included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (N=57), stimulants (N=50), α2 agonists (N=41), antipsychotics (N=27), tricyclic antidepressants (N=10), anxiolytics (N=7), and mood stabilizers (N=2); 43 subjects were receiving more than one type of medication.
d
Lifetime diagnoses, based on structured interview and available data.