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Chemical structures of the capsaicinoids and alkyl-derived metabolites of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and nonivamide. The structure of capsaicin is shown in the upper left panel. The compositions of the alkyl side chain groups (R-groups) of the capsaicinoid analogs used in this study are represented in text format below the structure of capsaicin. The right panel shows the alkyl-derived metabolites that are under investigation.
