Fig. 5.

Scanning electron micrographs of Tc-tiotsh RNAi larvae. For all panels, the scale bar represents 50um. a–c Ventral views of larval heads. Maxillary (pink) and labial (green) appendages have been shaded. d–e Lateral views with leg segments labeled as follows: coxa (C), trochanter (Tr), femur (F), tibiotarsus (Tt), and pretarsus (Pt). a Wild-type larval head showing the proper position of the maxillary (Mx) and labial (L) appendages. b Moderately affected Tc-tiotsh RNAi larva in which the labial appendages (especially the proximal region) are highly reduced. c Severely affected Tc-tiotsh RNAi larva in which the labial appendages have failed to fuse. Note that in both b and c, the ventral, posterior region of the head (presumed to derive from the labial segment) is almost completely absent. d Wild-type larva. eTc-tiotsh RNAi larva with short legs. On each leg, the trochanter is presumably fused with the reduced coxa