TABLE 5.
Performance of biochemical assays for TBM
| Techniquea | Population | % Sensitivity | % Specificity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADA assays | ||||
| Cutoff, ≥6.0 IU/liter | 134 CSF samples (24 TBM, 110 non-TBM), South Africa | 92 | 98 | 21 |
| Cutoff, ≥10.0 U/liter | 101 pediatric patients (38 TBM, 63 non-TBM), South Africa | 73 | 71 | 40 |
| Cutoff, ≥5.0 IU/liter vs aseptic meningitis | 97 patients (34 TBM, 63 non-TBM), South Africa | 70 | 99 | 48 |
| Cutoff, ≥10.0 U/liter vs aseptic meningitis | 346 adult CSF samples, Spain | 48b | 100b | 116 |
| Cutoff, ≥5.0 IU/liter vs pyogenic | 35 pediatric patients (27 TBM, 8 pyogenic), India | 63 | 89 | 132 |
| Cutoff, ≥9.0 IU/liter | 119 patients (14 TBM, 105 non-TBM), Malaysia | 100 | 88 | 176 |
| Cutoff, ≥5.0 IU/liter | 66 pediatric patients (27 TBM, 39 non-TBM), India | 89 | 92 | 131 |
| Cutoff, ≥8.0 IU/liter | 60 patients (36 TBM, 24 non-TBM), India | 44 | 75 | 62 |
| Cutoff, ≥7.0 U/liter vs viral | 182 patients (36 TBM, 9 pyogenic, 130 viral, 7 cryptococcal), South Korea | 83 (vs viral) | 95 (vs viral) | 36 |
| Cutoff, ≥10.0 U/liter vs pyogenic | 58 (vs pyogenic) | 89 (vs pyogenic) | ||
| Cutoff, ≥11.39 U/liter/min | 281 patients (171 culture confirmed, 41 pyogenic, 19 viral, 104 controls), India | 82 | 83 | 87 |
| Tuberculostearic acid assays | ||||
| Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry | 13 culture confirmed cases; (9 suspected cases); 87 negative controls | 100 (89) | 99 | 61 |
| Gas-liquid chromatography | 41 culture confirmed cases (Cairo, Egypt); 75 clinical cases (United States, Canada) | 95 | 91 | 26 |
a
Listed from oldest to newest.
b
Results for TBM or neurobrucellosis.