TABLE 2.
B. cereus strains tested for the presence of ureABC genes; growth in minimal medium with glutamate, ammonium, and urea as sole nitrogen sources; and urease activity
| B. cereus strain | Origin (reference) | ureABC PCRa | Growth in minimal medium witha:
|
Urease activitya | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glutamate | Ammonium | Urea | ||||
| B434 | Pasteurized milk | − | + | + | − | − |
| B436 | Raw milk | − | + | + | − | − |
| B437 | Pasteurized milk | − | + | + | − | − |
| B439 | Pasteurized milk | − | + | + | − | − |
| B443 | Pasteurized milk | − | + | + | − | − |
| ATCC 14579 | Air (17) | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL2 | Human fecesd | − | + | − | − | − |
| PAL3 | Human fecesd | + | + | + | + | + |
| PAL5b | Patient fecesd | + | + | + | + | + |
| PAL7 | Human fecesd | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL17 | Human fecesd | − | − | + | − | − |
| PAL18b | Patient fecesd | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL20 | Chilled food (9) | + | + | + | + | + |
| PAL22 | Chilled food (9) | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL25c | Human vomit (2) | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL26b | Meat loaf (28) | − | + | + | − | − |
| PAL27b | Pea soup (39) | + | + | + | + | + |
| PAL28b | Food poisoning (19) | − | + | + | − | − |
| 17 | Cream (40) | − | − | + | − | − |
| 55 | Cream (40) | + | + | + | + | + |
| 59 | Cream (40) | + | + | + | + | + |
| 61 | Cream (40) | + | + | + | + | + |
| 72 | Semiskim Milk (40) | − | + | + | − | − |
| 132 | Milk (40) | − | + | + | − | − |
| 43-92 | Milk (40) | + | + | − | − | + |
| 401-92 | Scrambled eggs (40) | − | + | + | − | − |
| 67-498 | Scrambled eggs (40) | − | + | − | − | − |
| 1230-88 | Stew (40) | − | + | + | − | − |
| F450183 | Clinical (PHLS) (40) | − | + | + | − | − |
| DSM 11821T | Pasteurized Milk (24) | − | − | + | − | − |
| KW85 | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| F5581 | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| TZ415 | Chilled food (9) | − | + | + | − | − |
| TZ426 | Unknown | − | + | − | − | − |
| TZ427 | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| TZ428 | Unknown | − | + | − | − | − |
| Z4234 | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| P21S | Unknown | + | + | + | + | − |
| Z421 | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| F3752A/86c | Emetic outbreak (15) | − | + | + | − | − |
| B6/Ac | Unknown | − | + | + | − | − |
| F2797/87 | Unknown | − | + | − | − | − |
| F3351/87c | Emetic outbreak (15) | − | + | + | − | − |
| F3748/75 | Human feces (16) | − | + | + | − | − |
| F4635A/90 | Unknown | − | + | − | − | − |
| F4628/90 | Paella | − | + | − | − | − |
| F4626/90 | Milk (4) | − | + | + | − | − |
| F4623/90 | Unknown | − | + | − | − | − |
| ATCC 10987 | Spoiled cheese (34) | + | + | − | − | + |
a
+, positive result, PCR product with correct size, growth observed (final OD > 0.05), urease activity observed with cells grown in BHI; −, negative result, no PCR product, no growth observed (final OD < 0.05), no urease activity observed with cells grown in BHI. The total numbers of positive strains were as follows: ureABC PCR, 10; glutamate, 46; ammonium, 39; urea, 8; and urease activity, 9.
b
Diarrhea associated strain.
c
Emetic strain.
d
Strain obtained from an RIVM project on the incidence and pathogenesis of gastroenteritis.