EMSAs. DNA fragments of the fruA promoter carrying wild-type (WT-CRE) or mutated CRE (MUT-CRE) sequences (42) were end labeled, and the abilities of different amounts of purified His6-CcpA (the lanes contained 0, 27, 54, 109, and 218 pmol of protein) to induce a mobility shift in the presence (+) or absence (−) of 2 mM F-1,6-bP (Sigma) were examined. The arrow indicates the migration position of the shifted product.