FIG. 8.

Acetic acid and gluconic acid fermentation by G. intermedius. (A to C) Wild-type strain NCI1051 harboring pMV24 (•), the ginI mutant harboring pMV24 (▴), and the ginR mutant harboring pMV24 (▵) were cultured as described in Materials and Methods. (D to F) Wild-type strain NCI1051 harboring pMV24 (•) and the ginA mutant harboring pMV24 (▪) were cultured as described in Materials and Methods. OD₆₆₀, optical density at 660 nm. (G) Foam production following growth in YPG medium in a jar fermentor. The medium contained 3% (vol/vol) ethanol initially, and the ethanol concentration of the medium was automatically maintained at 2% (vol/vol) by addition of ethanol during cultivation. wt, wild type.