Reduced permeability of the PM. Larvae were fed on NSS enriched 4-fold with Ig from control serum (a) or anti-peritrophin 95 serum (b). Both Ig-enriched sera contained 6-nm colloidal gold particles. The larval PM was then examined by transmission electron microscopy. PM, peritrophic membrane; MV, microvilli of gut digestive epithelial cells; ENPS, endoperitrophic space; ECPS, ectoperitrophic space; B, bacterium; L, antibody-induced layer on gut lumen side of PM. Colloidal gold particles are indicated by arrows.