Table 1.
Morphometric and frequency data for mammals
| Common name (Species) | Frequency and morphometric data |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symbol in Figs. 2 and 3 | 60-dB LF limit, Hz | Radii ratio | Radii data source* | BM length L, mm | Turns, n | BM apex width, thickness, μm | Refs. | |
| Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) | bd | 150 | 4.3 | CT, hist | 38.9 | 2.25 | 380, 5 | 14, 21 |
| Cat (Felix catus) | ca | 55 | 6.2 | CT, hist and lit | 25.8 | 3 | 420, 5 | 5, 13, 14, 22 |
| Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) | ch | 52 | 6.4 | CT, hist | 18.5 | 3 | 310, 6 | 5, 13, 14, 24 |
| Cow (Bos taurus) | cw | 23 | 8.9 | lit | 38 | 3.5 | – | 1, 5, 13, 14, 23 |
| Elephant (Elephas maximus) | e | 17 | 8.8 | CT, lit | 60 | 2.25 | – | 1, 5, 13, 14, 25 |
| Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatis) | gb | 56 | 6.8 | CT, lit | 12.1 | 3.25 | 250, – | 1, 5, 13, 26 |
| Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) | gp | 47 | 7.2 | CT, lit | 18.5 | 4 | 245, 2 | 5, 13, 27 |
| Human (Homo sapiens) | h | 31 | 8.2 | CT, lit | 33.5 | 2.5 | 504, 2 | 1, 5, 28 |
| Mouse (Mus musculus) | 1.7 | CT, hist and lit | 6.8 | 2 | 160, 1 | 1, 5 | ||
| NMRI strains | ms1 | 900 | 29, 30 | |||||
| Other strains | ms2 | 2,000 | 31 | |||||
| Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) | rb | 96 | – | lit | 15.2 | 2.25 | – | 5, 13, 32 |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) | 3.1 | lit | 10.7 | 2.2 | 250, 2 | 1, 5, 13 | ||
| Albino rat | ra1 | 390 | 33 | |||||
| Hooded rat | ra2 | 530 | 34 | |||||
| Sea lion (Zalophus californianus) | sl | 180 (air) | 5.2 | CT, hist | 54.3 | 1.75 | – | 21, 35 |
| 200 (water) | ||||||||
| Squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) | sm | 100 | 5.5 | CT | 15.4 | 2.25 | – | 5, 36 |
LF functional hearing limits were established for land mammals as the frequency equivalent to the 60 dB re 20 μPa response threshold in published behavioral audiograms. For the bottlenose dolphin and sea lion in water, the LF limit was determined from the 120 dB re 1 μPa level on behavioral audiograms. The radii ratios were calculated as described in Methods. BM apical width and thickness were measured by using histological methods.
*CT, computerized tomography; hist, histology; lit, literature.