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. 2008 Apr 11;105(15):5657–5663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801327105

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Social experience influences Drosophila aggressiveness. (Upper) Experimental manipulations. (Lower) (A) Mean fighting frequencies in 3-day-old, single-housed and group-housed flies (mean ± SEM; n = 6 experiments each containing five fly pairs; ∗∗, P < 0.01). (B) Mean fighting frequencies in 6-day-old, S → S, G → S, G → G, and S → G flies (mean ± SEM. n = 6 experiments each containing five pairs. Significant differences (P < 0.05) are indicated by letters above bars). (C) Median lunging intensities of 3-day-old, single-housed flies, and 6-day-old, S → S, G → S, G → G, and S → G flies [n = 16, 25, 19, 2, and 1 pairs, respectively; N.S., not significantly different (P > 0.05)]. (D) Median lunging latencies of 3-day-old, single-housed flies and 6-day-old, S → S, G → S, G → G, and S → G flies [n = 16, 25, 19, 2, and 1 pairs, respectively; N.S. (P > 0.05)]. Comparisons between groups were made by using the Mann–Whitney U test (A), ANOVA followed by post hoc test (B) and Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA (C and D).