Figure 1. Schematic of the combined stopped-flow and synchrotron SAXS set-up.

In the stopped-flow apparatus, one syringe contained a buffer with Ca²⁺ ions, whereas the other contained DOPG/MO-based vesicles. The rapid mixing was conducted within 10 ms and the formation of the inverse hexagonal phase (H₂) was followed by millisecond time-resolved SAXS.