| Nopal |
Leaves |
Fibrous polysaccharide (Fiber) and Pectin (Rayburn et al. 1998). |
| Pepermint |
Leaves and oil |
Peppermint leaf and oil contain acetaldehyde, amyl alcohol, menthyl esters, limone, pinene, phellandrene, cadinene, pugelone, and dimethyl sulfide. Trace constituents include alpha-pinene, sabinene, terpinolene, ocimene, gamma-terpinene, fenchene, alpha- and beta-thujone, citronellol, and other compounds. Nair B, 2001; Inoue et al., 2002). |
| Chaparral |
Leaves |
NDGA (Anesini et al., 2001) |
| Dandelion |
Leaves, flowers and root |
Quercetin, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-gluccoside, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, germacranolide acids, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, and monocaffeyltartaric acid, scopoletin, aesculetin, aesculin, cichoriin, arnidiol, and faradiol, caffeic acid, taraxacoside, taraxasterol, inulin and also have high potassium content (Williams et al., 1996; Hu and Kitts, 2003; Hu and Kitts, 2004; Seo et al., 2005; Trojanova et al., 2004) |
| Mullein |
Leaves, flowers and root |
Mullein contains harpagoside, harpagide, aucubin, hesperidin, verbascoside, saponins, and volatile oils (Turker and Camper, 2002) |
| Chamomile |
Flowerhead |
Quercetin, apigenin, and coumarins, and the essential oils matricin, chamazulene, alpha bisaboloid, and bisaboloid oxides (Szoke et al., 2004) |
| Nettle or Stinging Nettle |
Ground parts and root |
Polysaccharides, vitamin C, carotene, beta-sitosterol and the flavonoids quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol (Newall et al., 1996; Schottner et al., 1997; Konrad et al., 2000) |
| Passionflower |
Ground parts |
Flavonoids apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and vitexin. The harman (harmala) alkaloids identified in passionflower include harmine, harmaline, harmalol, harman, and harmin. Other constituents include maltol and ethyl maltol (Heinrich, 2003) |
| Linden |
Dried leaf, flower, and wood |
p-Coumaric acid, kaempferol, terpenoid and quercetin constituents. Volatile oils, including citral, citronellal, citronellol, eugenol, and limonene (Newall, 1996) |
| Aloe |
Gel and latex |
Emodin anthrone, dithranol, chrysarobin, carboxypeptidase, magnesium lactate, C-glucosyl chromone, salicylate and allantoin. Aloe latex belongs to the anthraquinone family and contains a tricyclic anthracene nucleus (Ni et al., 2004) |
