Table 1.

Associations of childhood and adulthood direct pesticide application with PD.

	% Exposed*
	Cases, n = 319	Controls, n = 296	p for trend (GEE model 1)**	OR and 95% CI (GEE model 2)**
History of pesticide use
Ever	62.7	49.7		1.61	1.13–2.29
Never	37.3	50.3		1.00	Referent
Frequency (days/year)			0.0017
>10	23.5	13.5		2.07	1.26–3.42
4–10	16.9	13.5		1.41	0.82–2.41
<4	18.8	18.9		1.36	0.85–2.18
Never	37.3	50.3		1.00	Referent
Duration (years)			0.013
>26	21.9	12.8		1.87	1.16–3.00
11–26	18.2	18.9		1.35	0.84–2.19
<11	18.2	14.2		1.68	1.01–2.80
Never	37.3	50.3		1.00	Referent
Cumulative exposure (days)			0.0023
>215	21.6	12.2		2.37	1.42–3.94
45–215	18.2	16.2		1.28	0.78–2.11
<45	15.4	14.5		1.43	0.84–2.42
Never	37.3	50.3		1.00	Referent

*Column totals may not sum to 100 due to rounding or missing data.

**GEE model adjusted for AAE, sex, cigarette smoking, and caffeine consumption.