Table 4.

Associations of childhood and adulthood direct pesticide application with PD as divided into chemical classes.

		% Exposed*
Functional type	History of pesticide use for each chemical class	Cases, n = 319	Controls, n = 296	OR and 95% CI (GEE model 2)**
Insecticide	Botanical
	Ever	2.2	0.3	5.93	0.63–56.10
	Ever to any other pesticide	60.5	49.3	1.57	1.10–2.24
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
	N-Methyl carbamate
	Ever	11.9	10.8	1.31	0.75–2.28
	Ever to any other pesticide	50.8	38.9	1.70	1.17–2.47
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
	Organochlorine
	Ever	13.2	7.1	1.99	1.09–3.64
	Ever to any other pesticide	49.5	42.6	1.54	1.07–2.23
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
	Organophosphorus
	Ever	16.6	10.1	1.89	1.11–3.25
	Ever to any other pesticide	46.1	39.5	1.53	1.05–2.23
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
Herbicide	Chlorophenoxy acid/ester
	Ever	4.7	2.7	2.07	0.69–6.23
	Ever to any other pesticide	58.0	47.0	1.58	1.11–2.27
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
	Phosphonoglycine
	Ever	17.9	13.5	1.53	0.92–2.53
	Ever to any other pesticide	44.8	36.1	1.64	1.12–2.40
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
	Triazine
	Ever	1.6	2.4	1.08	0.32–3.59
	Ever to any other pesticide	61.1	47.3	1.63	1.14–2.33
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent
Multiple uses	Inorganic/metal
	Ever	5.0	3.0	1.51	0.62–3.71
	Ever to any other pesticide	57.7	46.6	1.61	1.13–2.31
	Never	37.3	50.3	1.00	Referent

*Column totals may not sum to 100 due to rounding or missing data.

**GEE model adjusted for AAE, sex, cigarette smoking, and caffeine consumption.